中考宾语真题讲解

中考宾语从句真题讲解主要涉及宾语从句的定义、种类、引导词的使用、语序、时态等方面。以下是详细的讲解：

宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类：

1. 由that引导的宾语从句：that可以省略。

   • 例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
   • She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
   • I am sure (that) he will succeed.

2. 由连接代词（who, whom, whose, what, which）和连接副词（when, where, why, how）引导的宾语从句：这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

   • 例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
   • He asked whose handwriting was the best.
   • Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
   • I don’t know why the train is late.

3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句：if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。

   • 例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
   • He asked me whether (if) I could help him.

宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。

• 例如：I believe that they will come soon.
• He asked me whether I was a teacher.
• They wanted to know what they can do for us.

宾语从句的时态从句与主句一致。例如：

1. She says that she is a student.
2. She said that she was a student.
3. She says that she has finished her homework already.
4. She said that she had finished her homework already.
5. She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
6. She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
7. She says that she can sing a song in English.
8. She said that she could sing a song in English.

直接引语与间接引语转变时注意人称和时态的变化。例如：

• She said: “I have been to England before.”
• She said that she had been to England before.

如果从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词 + 不定式结构”。例如：

• Could you tell me how to get to the zoo?

主句是I/We think/suppose/guess/believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。例如：

• 误：I think chickens cannot swim.
• 正：I don’t think chickens can swim.

以上是中考宾语从句真题讲解的主要内容，希望对你有所帮助.

‌中考宾语从句真题讲解主要包括以下几个方面‌：

1. ‌宾语从句的定义和作用‌：宾语从句是在主从复合句子中，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后，充当宾语的从句。宾语从句可以分为动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句‌。

2. ‌宾语从句的引导词‌：宾语从句的引导词主要有三种：that（在口语或非正式文体中常省略）、whether/if（用于一般疑问句，whether常用于具有选择意义或有or not的情况）、特殊疑问词如what、when、where、who等‌。

3. ‌真题示例及解析‌：

   • ‌题目1‌：Could you tell us ________ we can start a conversation with a foreigner? ——Talking about weather is a good choice. A. how B. whether C. why D. when [答案]A [解析]考查宾语从句的引导词。根据上下文，应选择how表示“如何”‌。
   • ‌题目2‌：Do you know ________? ——Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s. A. how the Shenzhou XVIII entered space B. when the Shenzhou XVIII entered space C. who entered space in the Shenzhou XVIII [答案]C [解析]考查宾语从句。根据上下文，应选择who表示“谁”‌。
   • ‌题目3‌：Excuse me, do you know ________? ——Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street. A. where I can buy some vegetables B. how to get to the post office C. when the band starts playing D. why he’s [答案]B [解析]考查宾语从句。根据上下文，应选择how to get to the post office表示“如何到达邮局”‌。

4. ‌宾语从句的时态和语序‌：

   • ‌时态‌：主句是现在或将来时态时，宾语从句可用任何相关时态；主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去时态；客观事实或真理用一般现在时‌。
   • ‌语序‌：宾语从句要用陈述句语序，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都使用陈述句语序‌。

5. ‌宾语从句的常见考点‌：中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择、宾语从句的语序、宾语从句的时态等方面‌。常见的考查形式包括单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子‌。